Decision framework selection for effortless collaboration
Making good decisions starts with knowing how your decisions will be made.
Regardless of the framework you use, Janua’s data transparency brings everyone onto the same page.
Janua™, RACI/RASCI, DACI, RAPID®, Advice Process
(RAPID® is a registered trademark of Bain & Company, Inc.)
Different decision-making frameworks, similar structured process
Good decision-making requires a good decision-making process. That starts with defining the decision you want to make and understanding the roles people will play in the decision. From there its onto gathering and analysing data, considering all the options, and getting buy-in from the right people. Then comes the recommendation, review and decision. Next, the decision is communicated and implemented. The final step is to perform a retrospective review to see what went right and what could have been done better.
While the process varies from framework to framework - with slightly different role names and terminology - they all follow this similar pattern.
Janua Decision Flow software allows you to select the framework that you prefer, and based on the selection, the role names and process terminology are automatically adjusted, giving you a seamless experience across the platform.
Janua™ Framework
The Janua™ Framework is a simple yet comprehensive decision-making framework that covers the full lifecycle of the decision-making process.
Janua roles include:
Decision Manager
This is the pivotal role in the decision-making process. Decision Managers initiate the process, manage the team, make the recommendation to the Decider based on analysis from Contributors, and manage the process through to the decision.
Decider
This is the person who makes the decision. Their decision is supported by the analysis from the Contributors and the recommendation from the Decision Manager. They commit the organisation to the decision, review the implementation and perform the decision retrospective.
Contributors
They provide information and analysis in their field of expertise. Their analysis supports the Decision Manager to make the recommendation, and the Decider to make the decision.
Agreers
They provide a ruling on specific conditions that must be met for a decision to be viable e.g. compliance with regulations. Their ruling is a go/no-go determination of the Decision Manager's recommendation on specific conditions i.e. a veto. For example, the Agreer could be a company lawyer ruling on whether a recommended option is legally compliant.
Informed
Informed are people who need to know about the decision and its impacts, but don’t need to be consulted on the decision. For example, the decision may impact their work.
RACI Framework
RACI is a responsibility matrix that is used to track roles and responsibilities, often in business of project delivery contexts. The term RACI is derived from the four roles in the matrix, namely Responsible, Accountable, Consulted and Informed. RACI is also commonly used in decision-making scenarios to assign roles and responsibilities for decisions.
RACI roles include:
Responsible
Those who manage the decision process end-to-end. They also provide the decision recommendation.
Accountable
The accountable person must sign off (approve) the decision to be made. Typically, there is only one accountable person specified for each decision.
Consulted
Those whose opinions are sought, typically subject-matter experts, and with whom there is two-way communication. They provide the analysis and data for the decision.
Informed
Those who are notified when a new decision is initiated and are kept up-to-date on the progress. This is usually one-way communication.
RASCI Framework
RASCI is an extension of the RACI matrix and includes an additional role, "Support".
Support
The Support role is performed by one or more people who provide assistance or support to the Responsible party
DACI Framework
DACI stands for Driver, Approver, Contributor and Informed, the role names in the DACI process. DACI makes it clear who has authority in certain areas and situations. This allows a team to progress smoothly whenever group decisions have to be made.
DACI roles include:
Driver
This is the single person who drives the team to a decision. They are responsible for making sure all stakeholders are aware of what’s happening, making sure other responsibilities are addressed, getting questions answered and making a recommendation.
Approver
This is the one person who has the final say in approving the decision.
Contributors
These are people who have specialist knowledge related to the decision subject. They will gather data nd provide analysis to inform the decision-making process.
Informed
This is anyone affected by the decision who isn’t directly involved in making the decision. People or teams who’s work may need to change as a result of the decision made. Leaders who need visibility of their team’s decisions can also be in this group.
RAPID® Framework
RAPID® is a decision-making tool developed by Bain & Company to clarify role accountability. It derives its name from the five key roles in a decision - Recommend, Agree, Perform, Input and Decide.
RAPID® roles include:
Recommend
The Recommender is like a project manager for the decision because they ensure that the process is followed and that actions are completed. They set up new decisions, work with the Decider to assign the other roles, manage the process and make a recommendation.
Agree
The Agreer is responsible for reviewing the recommendation and agreeing or disagreeing with it. If they disagree the recommendation cannot proceed and a revision is required.
Decide
The Decider is the individual or role with the ultimate authority to make the final decision. They approve or reject the recommendation and have the final say.
Input
The Input role involves individuals or groups who provide relevant information and expertise to support the Recommender in developing the recommendation. They contribute data and insights.
Perform
The Performer role is responsible for executing the decision once it has been approved. They carry out the necessary actions to implement the decision.
(RAPID® is a registered trademark of Bain & Company, Inc.)
Advice Process
The Advice Process is a step-by-step decision-making process which is designed to empower employees to make meaningful decisions close to the area that the decision will impact. The steps are:
State your decision intention
Collect feedback
Respond to objections
Make the decision
Communicate the decision and record it somewhere
While the Advice Process doesn’t specifically label roles, these can been derived from the process:
Advice Manager
Someone notices an issue or sees an opportunity. They initiate an action to make a decision, or notify someone better placed to do so.
Decision Maker
This is the person who makes the decision. In the Advice Process, sometimes they also perform the Manage role.
Inputter
The Decision Maker asks for input (advice) from the Input role to assist them with making the decision.
Informed
Informed are people who need to know about the decision, but are not directly involved in the analysis or decision making.
The cure to decision paralysis at enterprise, department, & individual level
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